What is the Difference Between Alkali and Acid?

The main difference between an alkali and an acid lies in their pH values and the behavior of their ions in water:

• Alkali:
• An alkali is a soluble substance with a pH higher than 7.
• Alkalis accept hydrogen ions (protons) in solution.
• Examples of alkalis include potassium hydroxide and sodium hydroxide.
• Acid:
• An acid is a substance that has a pH lower than 7.
• Acids donate hydrogen ions (protons) in solution.
• Examples of acids include hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, and vinegar (acetic acid).

Some other differences between acids and alkalis include:

• Acids react with bases to form neutral solutions, while alkalis react with acids to neutralize them.
• Acids turn blue litmus paper red, while alkalis turn red litmus paper blue.
• Alkalis are typically bitter in taste, slippery, and can be found in the form of carbonates or hydroxides of alkali metals.

Comparative Table: Alkali vs Acid

The main difference between alkali and acid lies in their pH levels. Alkali refers to a substance with a high pH (above 7), while acid refers to a substance with a low pH (below 7). Here is a table comparing the differences between alkali and acid:

Examples of alkaline substances include sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and potassium hydroxide (KOH), which are known for their bitter taste and slippery texture. Examples of acidic substances include hydrochloric acid (HCl) and sulfuric acid (H2SO4), which are known for their sour taste and sticky texture.