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Guilherme Mazui

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What is the Difference Between Amyloidosis and Multiple Myeloma?

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Amyloidosis and multiple myeloma are two distinct conditions that stem from abnormalities in the plasma cells of the bone marrow. They share some similarities but have different manifestations and effects on the body.

The main difference between amyloidosis and multiple myeloma is:

  • Primary issue: In multiple myeloma, the main problem is the growth of abnormal cells in the bone marrow, leading to tumors in the bones and other organs. In amyloidosis, the main problem is the buildup of light chains produced by the abnormal cells, which can form amyloid deposits in various organs.

Overlap between the two conditions can occur, and patients are frequently diagnosed with both myeloma and amyloidosis. Estimates suggest that 12%-15% of people with multiple myeloma may also have amyloidosis.

Amyloidosis is not considered a type of cancer, but it can lead to organ damage due to the buildup of amyloid deposits. On the other hand, multiple myeloma is a type of blood cancer caused by the overgrowth of abnormal plasma cells.

Treatment for both conditions may have different goals. In amyloidosis, the main goals are to improve the function of the involved organs and to decrease the production of abnormal light chains. In multiple myeloma, treatment focuses on reducing the number of cancerous plasma cells and managing the symptoms of the disease.

In terms of prognosis, people with both amyloidosis and multiple myeloma generally have a shorter life expectancy compared to those with only one of the conditions. The outlook depends on various factors, including the stage of cancer at diagnosis and the organs affected by amyloidosis. It is essential to consult with a doctor to determine an individual's specific prognosis and treatment plan.

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  • What is the Difference Between Amyloidosis and Multiple Myeloma?
  • Comparative Table: Amyloidosis vs Multiple Myeloma

    • Comparative Table: Amyloidosis vs Multiple Myeloma

    Here is a table comparing the differences between amyloidosis and multiple myeloma:

    Feature Amyloidosis Multiple Myeloma
    Definition Amyloidosis is a condition where abnormal plasma cells produce light-chain proteins that form amyloid deposits, which can damage organs. Multiple myeloma is a blood cancer characterized by the uncontrolled proliferation of plasma cells, leading to the deterioration of bone and bone marrow.
    Causes and Types Not considered a cancer. A complication of multiple myeloma, where amyloid deposits form as a result of the cancer.
    Prognosis Can be fatal due to organ failure, but organ dysfunction is reversible when the supply of the fibril precursor is reduced. The median survival for multiple myeloma is 7-10 years.
    Estimated Diagnostic Delay 180-441 days. 163 days.
    Median Age at Diagnosis 68 years. 70 years.
    Incidence per Million Patients/Year 6-12. 50-60.
    Men/Women Ratio 62%/38%. 63%/37%.
    Cytogenetics (percentage with t(11;14)) Approximately 60%. Approximately 20%.
    Expression Lambda (percentage of cases with lambda light chains) 70%. 40%.

    While both conditions share some similarities, such as involving the proliferation of plasma cells, they have distinct differences in their causes, types, and prognosis. Amyloidosis is not considered a cancer and is characterized by the formation of amyloid deposits, while multiple myeloma is a blood cancer that leads to the deterioration of bone and bone marrow.

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    Guilherme Mazui

    Guilherme Mazui is graduated in journalism from the Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG) and a master's degree in Communication from the University of São Paulo (USP). In addition, he has experience in advertising writing and has worked as a content editor in several companies.