What is the Difference Between Buffered and Unbuffered Glycolic Acid?

The main difference between buffered and unbuffered glycolic acid lies in their pH levels and the skin's reaction to them:

• Buffered Glycolic Acid: This form of glycolic acid has its pH level adjusted to be closer to the natural pH of human skin. It is generally considered safer and more gentle on the skin, with less potential for redness and irritation. Buffered glycolic acid is often used in skincare products for treating sensitive skin, acne, and hyperpigmentation.
• Unbuffered Glycolic Acid: This form of glycolic acid has not had its pH level adjusted, making it stronger and potentially more aggressive on the skin. It can cause discomfort, redness, and visible skin flaking or peeling. Unbuffered glycolic acid is generally found in higher concentrations and is more likely to yield faster results but may not be suitable for all skin types.

Both forms of glycolic acid are typically derived from natural sugar cane or occur naturally in some fruits and foods. They function as an alpha hydroxy acid (AHA) in skincare products, exfoliating the skin and promoting cell turnover. However, the differences in pH levels and skin reactions mean that buffered glycolic acid is generally recommended for home use, while unbuffered glycolic acid may be more suitable for professional treatments.

Comparative Table: Buffered vs Unbuffered Glycolic Acid

The main difference between buffered and unbuffered glycolic acid comes down to their pH levels, safety, and effectiveness. Here is a comparison between the two:

In summary, buffered glycolic acid is a safer and more effective choice for skincare products due to its adjusted pH level. It provides a gentler exfoliation process with less irritation and redness, making it suitable for sensitive and problematic skin types. On the other hand, unbuffered glycolic acid is generally stronger and may cause skin irritation, making it less suitable for sensitive skin.