What is the Difference Between Cytokines and Interleukins?

Cytokines and interleukins are both types of signaling proteins that play essential roles in the immune system and inflammation. However, they have some differences in their functions and classification.

Cytokines are proteins made in response to pathogens and other antigens that regulate and mediate inflammatory and immune responses. They include various types of proteins, such as chemokines, interleukins, interferons, tumor necrosis factors, and growth factors. Some cytokines are made in a lab and are used to treat cancer or help prevent or manage chemotherapy side effects.

Interleukins are a group of cytokines that are expressed and secreted by white blood cells (leukocytes) as well as some other body cells. Interleukins play crucial roles in the activation and differentiation of immune cells, as well as proliferation, maturation, migration, and adhesion. They have both pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory properties and are involved in many reactions in cells, including up- and down-regulatory mechanisms. The human genome encodes more than 50 interleukins and related proteins, and the majority of them are synthesized by CD4 helper T-lymphocytes, as well as through monocytes, macrophages, and endothelial cells.

In summary, the main difference between cytokines and interleukins is that cytokines are a broader term encompassing various types of signaling proteins involved in the immune system and inflammation, while interleukins are a specific group of cytokines that play essential roles in immune cell activation, differentiation, and regulation.

Comparative Table: Cytokines vs Interleukins

Cytokines and interleukins are both signaling proteins that play crucial roles in regulating and mediating immune responses, inflammation, and hematopoietic cell proliferation and differentiation. However, there are some differences between the two:

In summary, cytokines are a broader category of signaling proteins, while interleukins are a specific type of cytokine that primarily function as a means of communication between leukocytes. Both cytokines and interleukins play essential roles in regulating immune responses and inflammation.