What is the Difference Between HA-MRSA and CA-MRSA?
🆚 Go to Comparative Table 🆚Healthcare-associated Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (HA-MRSA) and Community-associated Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) are two main types of MRSA, which are both derived from the bacterium Staphylococcus aureus. The primary differences between HA-MRSA and CA-MRSA include:
- Acquisition: HA-MRSA is acquired in healthcare facilities such as hospitals or nursing homes, while CA-MRSA is found in those who have not had contact with healthcare facilities.
- At-Risk Populations: HA-MRSA is mainly found in healthcare facility residents, diabetics, hospitalized patients, and ICU patients. CA-MRSA is more common in children, prisoners, homeless individuals, homosexual males, soldiers, intravenous drug users, and the general population.
- SCCmec subtype: HA-MRSA typically carries SCCmec I, II, and III, while CA-MRSA carries SCCmec IV or V.
- Antimicrobial Susceptibility: CA-MRSA isolates are more susceptible to non-beta-lactam antimicrobials compared to HA-MRSA isolates.
- PVL Toxin: The PVL toxin is present in more than 95% of CA-MRSA cases but is rare (5%) in HA-MRSA cases.
- Clinical Affiliation: HA-MRSA is usually multidrug-resistant, while CA-MRSA is often susceptible to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX), macrolides, and tetracyclines.
Comparative Table: HA-MRSA vs CA-MRSA
The search results provided do not contain information about the differences between HA-MRSA and CA-MRSA. However, I can provide a summary of the differences based on my existing knowledge.
HA-MRSA (Hospital-Acquired Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus) and CA-MRSA (Community-Acquired Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus) are two types of MRSA infections that differ in their acquisition and characteristics. Here are the main differences between HA-MRSA and CA-MRSA:
HA-MRSA | CA-MRSA |
---|---|
Hospital-acquired infection | Community-acquired infection |
Generally more severe and resistant to antibiotics | Less severe and more responsive to antibiotics |
More common in individuals with weakened immune systems, such as elderly or chronically ill patients | More common in healthy individuals, including athletes and children |
Often found in healthcare settings, such as hospitals and nursing homes | Found in community settings, such as schools, gyms, and daycare centers |
Stronger association with risk factors like recent hospitalization, surgery, or dialysis | Weaker association with risk factors; often occurs in patients without any identifiable risk factors |
Despite these differences, both HA-MRSA and CA-MRSA are still treated as MRSA infections and require appropriate medical intervention to prevent complications and transmission.
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