What is the Difference Between Macro and Inline Function?

The main difference between macro and inline functions in C programming lies in their behavior, usage, and optimization. Here are some key differences between them:

Definition: Macros are defined using the #define keyword, while inline functions are defined using the inline keyword.
Inlining: Macros are inlined at a textual level, while functions are inlined at a syntactic level. Inline functions are expanded by the compiler, and their arguments are evaluated only once.
Accessing Data Members: Through inline functions, a class's data members can be accessed, whereas macros cannot access the class's data members.
Debugging: Programs using inline functions can be easily debugged, whereas programs using macros cannot be easily debugged.
Argument Evaluation: In inline functions, arguments are evaluated only once, whereas in macros, arguments are evaluated every time the macro is used in the program.
Usage: Macros are widely used, especially in competitive programming, while inline functions are not as widely used.
Optimization: Inline functions are easier to use and more robust compared to macros, and the inline keyword is a suggestion that the compiler may choose to ignore.

In summary, macro and inline functions have different behaviors and use cases. Macros are generally used for defining constant values that are used repeatedly in programs and can accept arguments. Inline functions, on the other hand, are short functions whose definition is small and can be substituted at the place of the function call. They provide advantages like type checking and easier debugging, making them more suitable for certain use cases.