What is the Difference Between Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Genome?
🆚 Go to Comparative Table 🆚The main differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic genomes are as follows:
- Structure: Prokaryotic genomes are mostly single, circular chromosomes, while eukaryotic genomes consist of one or two sets of linear chromosomes confined to the nucleus.
- Location: Prokaryotic DNA is found in a coiled loop floating in the cytoplasm, whereas eukaryotic DNA is found inside the nucleus.
- Size: Prokaryotic DNA is smaller and circular, while eukaryotic DNA is larger and linear.
- Repetitive DNA: Prokaryotic genomes are compact and contain repetitive DNA without any introns, whereas eukaryotic genomes have a large amount of repetitive DNA and introns.
- Introns: Prokaryotic DNA does not have introns, as they have transcription coupled with translation. In contrast, eukaryotic DNA contains introns.
- Protein Binding: Prokaryotic DNA is naked and not surrounded by proteins, while eukaryotic DNA is bound to histone proteins.
In summary, prokaryotic genomes are smaller, circular, and found in the cytoplasm, while eukaryotic genomes are larger, linear, and found in the nucleus. Prokaryotic DNA is compact and has no introns, whereas eukaryotic DNA contains introns and is bound to histone proteins.
On this pageWhat is the Difference Between Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Genome? Comparative Table: Prokaryotic vs Eukaryotic Genome
Comparative Table: Prokaryotic vs Eukaryotic Genome
The main differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic genomes are summarized in the following table:
Feature | Prokaryotic Genome | Eukaryotic Genome |
---|---|---|
Location | Found freely in the central portion of the cytoplasm | Found within the nucleus |
Occurrence | Occurs as a covalent closed circular form of DNA | Occurs as multiple molecules of double-stranded linear DNA |
Size | Prokaryotic DNA is smaller and circular | Eukaryotic DNA is large and linear |
Histone Proteins | DNA is naked and not surrounded by proteins | DNA is bound to histone proteins |
Repetitive DNA | Genome is compact and contains repetitive DNA without any introns | A large amount of repetitive DNA is found in the genome, including introns |
Number of Chromosomes | One chromosome is present, but not true chromosome plastids | More than one number of chromosomes is present |
Prokaryotic genomes are smaller and circular, found in the cytoplasm, and have no histone proteins. In contrast, eukaryotic genomes are larger and linear, found within the nucleus, and bound to histone proteins.
Read more:
- Prokaryotic vs Eukaryotic DNA
- Eukaryotic vs Prokaryotic
- Prokaryotic vs Eukaryotic DNA Replication
- Genetic Material of Prokaryotes vs Eukaryotes
- Gene Expression in Prokaryotes vs Eukaryotes
- Eukaryotic Cells vs Prokaryotic Cells
- Prokaryotic vs Eukaryotic mRNA
- Protein Synthesis in Prokaryotic vs Eukaryotic
- Prokaryotic vs Eukaryotic Transcription
- Prokaryotic vs Eukaryotic Cell Division
- Prokaryotic vs Eukaryotic Translation
- Eukaryotic vs Prokaryotic Promoters
- Prokaryotic vs Eukaryotic Translation Initiation
- Prokaryotic vs Eukaryotic Ribosomes
- Bacteria vs Eukaryotes
- Prokaryotic vs Eukaryotic Topoisomerase
- Prokaryotic vs Eukaryotic Flagella
- Prokaryotic vs Eukaryotic RNA Polymerase
- Gene vs Genome