What is the Difference Between Research Question and Hypothesis?

The main difference between a research question and a hypothesis lies in their purpose, structure, and the level of certainty they express. Here are the key differences:

1. Purpose: A research question is a question that seeks to explore or explain an aspect of your topic, without making any assumptions or claims. On the other hand, a hypothesis is a statement that expresses a possible relationship between variables or phenomena, based on existing knowledge, theory, or observation.
2. Structure: Research questions are always written as questions, while hypotheses are written as statements preceded with the words "I predict" or similar phrases.
3. Certainty: Research questions are less certain and do not represent a prediction or an attempt to prove or disprove a statement. In contrast, hypotheses are more certain and represent a prediction or an attempt to prove or disprove a statement based on existing knowledge, theory, or observation.
4. Research Method: Research questions are typically used in heuristic research methods, which are based on experience and observations. Hypotheses, on the other hand, are used in deductive research methods, where researchers use logic and scientific findings to either prove or disprove assumptions.

In summary, a research question is a less certain and more exploratory inquiry, while a hypothesis is a more certain and predictive statement about the relationship between variables or phenomena. The choice between using a research question or a hypothesis depends on the purpose, scope, and design of your research project.

Comparative Table: Research Question vs Hypothesis

The difference between a research question and a hypothesis can be understood through the following table:

In summary, a research question is a broad inquiry that guides the research process, while a hypothesis is a specific, testable statement that predicts the relationship between variables and can be supported or refuted through empirical data.