What is the Difference Between Strain Energy and Distortion Energy?
🆚 Go to Comparative Table 🆚Strain energy and distortion energy are two components of the total elastic energy in a deformed material. The key difference between them lies in the type of deformation they describe:
- Strain Energy: Strain energy is related to the volumetric change in a system. It is the energy stored in a material from elastic deformation, which is the work done during elastic deformation. The equation for strain energy is U = ½ Vσε, where U is strain energy, σ is stress, and ε is strain.
- Distortion Energy: Distortion energy is related to the change in the shape of a system. It is the amount of energy needed to change the shape per unit volume. The equation for distortion energy is Ud = Uo – Uh, where Ud is the strain energy density.
In summary, strain energy focuses on the energy stored in a material due to volumetric changes, while distortion energy focuses on the energy required to change the shape of a material per unit volume. Both strain energy and distortion energy are important for understanding the behavior of materials under stress and deformation.
Comparative Table: Strain Energy vs Distortion Energy
Here is a table comparing strain energy and distortion energy:
Property | Strain Energy | Distortion Energy |
---|---|---|
Definition | Strain energy is the elastic potential energy that a wire can gain during elongation with a stretching force. | Distortion energy is the increase in the free energy that occurs due to distortions from the substance's uniformly aligned state. |
Equation | $$U = \frac{1}{2}V\sigma\epsilon$$ where U is strain energy, σ is stress, and ε is strain. | $$Ud = Uo - Uh$$ where $$Ud$$ is the strain energy density. |
Related to | Strain energy is related to the elastic deformation of a material. | Distortion energy is related to the change in shape of a system. |
Application | Strain energy is applicable in situations where a material is elastically deformed, such as in springs or elastic bands. | Distortion energy is relevant in situations where a material's shape is changed, such as in plastic deformation or failure under stress. |
In summary, strain energy is related to the stored energy due to deformation, while distortion energy is related to the potential for failure due to changes in a system's shape.
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