What is the Difference Between Subfertility and Infertility?

The main difference between subfertility and infertility lies in the ability to conceive. Subfertility refers to a reduced fertility level, where it takes longer than average to conceive, while infertility refers to the inability to conceive naturally after one year of trying.

Subfertility:

Describes any form of reduced fertility with a prolonged time of unwanted non-conception.
Affects more than 48 million women worldwide, and one in seven couples has difficulty conceiving a baby.
Couples with subfertility may sometimes achieve a pregnancy naturally, while those with infertility generally cannot.
Risk factors for subfertility include being over the age of 35, being overweight or underweight, smoking, excessive alcohol use, excessive physical or emotional stress, exposure to radiation, certain medications, and exposure to environmental toxins.

Infertility:

Refers to the inability to conceive naturally after one year of trying.
Affects approximately 5% of couples after 48 months of unsuccessful attempts.
Infertile couples generally require medical intervention to conceive.
Risk factors for infertility are similar to those for subfertility, but the chances of conceiving without medical help are much lower.

In summary, subfertility is characterized by a reduced fertility level and a prolonged time to conceive, while infertility is the complete inability to conceive naturally without medical intervention.