What is the Difference Between Terpenes and Terpenoids?

The main difference between terpenes and terpenoids lies in their chemical structure and oxygenation. Both terpenes and terpenoids are found in the cannabis plant and are known for their various medical properties. Here are the key differences and similarities between the two:

• Chemical Structure: Terpenes are simple hydrocarbons with a structure consisting of isoprene units. Terpenoids, on the other hand, are modified terpenes with different functional groups and oxidized methyl groups. Terpenoids are derived from terpenes through a process called oxygenation.
• Oxygenation: The presence of oxygen atoms is the main difference between terpenes and terpenoids. Terpenoids contain oxygen atoms, while terpenes do not.
• Classification: All terpenes are terpenoids, but not all terpenoids are terpenes. Terpenoids are a larger class of compounds that include terpenes, and they can be further classified into monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes, diterpenes, sesterterpenes, and triterpenes depending on the number of carbon units.
• Medical Properties: Both terpenes and terpenoids have been reported to have antimicrobial, antiparasitic, antioxidant, and anticancer properties. However, the slight difference in their chemical structure could be why they can have different effects.

In summary, terpenes are simple hydrocarbons with isoprene units, while terpenoids are modified terpenes containing oxygen atoms. Both compounds offer various medical properties, but their specific effects may differ due to their chemical structures.

Comparative Table: Terpenes vs Terpenoids

Terpenes and terpenoids are both organic compounds derived from isoprene units, but they have some differences in their structure and properties. Here is a table summarizing the differences between terpenes and terpenoids:

Both terpenes and terpenoids are found in plants, animals, and microbes, and they play diverse roles in various biological processes. They also have potential applications in the fields of food, drugs, cosmetics, hormones, vitamins, and more.