What is the Difference Between This and That in English Grammar?

The main difference between "this" and "that" in English grammar lies in their usage and the level of closeness they imply. Here are the key differences:

• Usage: "This" is a demonstrative pronoun and adjective used to indicate a person, object, or idea that is close to the speaker, within their vision range. In contrast, "that" is used to refer to a person, object, or idea that is not within the speaker's vision range.
• Closeness: "This" is used to point to a singular person or object that is close to the speaker, while "that" is used to point to a singular person or object that is farther away from the speaker.
• Reference: "This" can be used to talk about something that was just mentioned, whereas "that" refers to something that was previously mentioned or implied.
• Plurality: The plural form of "this" is "these," and the plural form of "that" is "those".
• Conjunction: The word "that" can be used as a conjunction to add a subordinate clause in a sentence to mention something or give a reason. The word "this" cannot be used as a conjunction.

In summary, "this" is used to refer to something close to the speaker, while "that" is used to refer to something farther away. "This" is typically used for things that are within the speaker's vision range, whereas "that" is used for things that are not within the speaker's vision range.

Comparative Table: This vs That in English Grammar

Here is a table summarizing the differences between the English pronouns "this," "that," "these," and "those":

Demonstratives, such as "this," "that," "these," and "those," are used to point to people and things. They can be used as determiners with singular or plural nouns or as pronouns to refer to things, ideas, or people.