What is the Difference Between Viral and Bacterial Tonsillitis?

The main difference between viral and bacterial tonsillitis lies in the cause of the infection and the severity of the symptoms. Tonsillitis is an inflammation of the tonsils, which can be caused by either a viral or bacterial infection.

Viral tonsillitis is caused by viruses, such as those that cause the common cold, flu, or mononucleosis. Symptoms of viral tonsillitis usually improve within three to four days. Common symptoms include:

Runny nose
Fever
General feeling of unwellness
Cough or husky voice

Bacterial tonsillitis is usually caused by group A Streptococcus bacteria, but it can also be caused by other bacteria like Staphylococcus aureus. Bacterial tonsillitis tends to have more severe symptoms and may require treatment with antibiotics. Common symptoms include:

Painful swallowing
Red and swollen tonsils with white patches or streaks of pus
High fever
Bad breath

To diagnose tonsillitis, a healthcare provider will examine the throat and ask about the symptoms. If necessary, a throat swab can be taken to confirm the diagnosis. The treatment for tonsillitis depends on whether the infection is viral or bacterial. Viral tonsillitis usually resolves on its own, while bacterial tonsillitis may require antibiotics to prevent complications.